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A dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges (+q and -q) separated by a small distance 2a. The dipole moment (p) is a vector quantity given by: p  = q × 2a The direction of the dipole moment is from the negative charge to the positive charge. Positive charge Dipole in a Uniform External … Read more

An electric dipole is one of the simplest arrangements in electrostatics. It consists of two equal and opposite electric charges placed at a small distance from each other. Though small and simple, dipoles are very important in understanding how electric fields behave, especially in molecules and materials. Molecules A electric dipole is a system formed … Read more

Electric flux linked with a surface the number of electric lines of force cutting through a surface and measured as surface integral of electric field over that surface. Electric field What is Electric Flux? Electric flux can be thought of as the quantity of electric field lines that flow through a specific surface. Suppose, holding … Read more

We use electricity on a daily basis for everything from our smartphones to the lights in our houses. However, what goes on behind the scenes? Smartphones We enter the interesting dominion of electric fields when we discuss the charges and forces that exist between them. And we employ electric field lines, a useful instrument, to … Read more

We have all come across the impacts of electricity in our daily lives, from the spark that appears when we touch a doorknob to the operation of our cell phones. An unseen force known as the electric field is responsible for these events. What is an Electric Field? An area surrounding a charged object where … Read more

Electric interactions in electrostatics is the study of forces between numerous charges. When there are several point charges present, each one applies an electric force to the others, and the sum of the effects of all these separate forces determines the total force acting on any given charge. Coulomb’s Law We should review Coulomb’s Law. … Read more

Electric charge is one of the most fundamental properties in nature. It is responsible for all electric and magnetic phenomena. Magnetic phenomena Basic Properties of Electric Charge Two Types of Charges There are exactly two types of electric charges: Positive charge (like on a glass rod rubbed with silk) Negative charge (like on an ebonite … Read more

An interesting way to electrically charge an object without making direct contact is by induction charging. It is based on the idea that surrounding charged objects have the power to redistribute electric charges within a conductor. This idea is fundamental to understanding how electric fields behave and is used extensively in devices like touch screens, … Read more

From powering large machinery to lighting our houses, electricity is essential for our daily life. However, have we ever thought over why certain materials give the passage to electricity while others entirely obstruct it? Conductors and insulators are useful in this situation. Large machinery What are Conductors? Materials that readily permit electric current to flow … Read more

One of the most basic ideas in physics is electric charge. It is essential to our understanding of the interactions between matter and the operation of electric and magnetic fields. From the electricity that runs your phone to the static jerk you get when you touch a doorknob, you come into contact with electric charge … Read more