Introduction All types of movements are brought about in the body with the help of muscular tissue. This tissue constitutes the muscles, Which are made up of many long, cylindrical, fibre-like cells called muscle fibres. Muscle fibres in a muscle may be present in the form of sheets or bundles. The muscle fibres are held … Read more
Introduction:- The excretory system is a critical component of human physiology, responsible for removing waste products and maintaining homeostasis. Disorders of this system can have profound effects on overall health, leading to a range of symptoms and complications. These disorders can involve the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, each playing a specific role in excretion. … Read more
Introduction Biocontrol agents represent the use of biological methods for controlling diseases and environmentally friendly approach to managing agricultural pests. These living organisms, which include predators, parasites, pathogens, and competitors, naturally regulate pest populations. Unlike chemical pesticides, biocontrol agents target specific pests, reducing the risk of harming non-target species and minimizing ecological disruption agricultural pests … Read more
breathing and exchange of gases class 11 notes:- Introduction Gases are exchanged by simple diffusion mainly based on pressure or concentration gradient. It is the pressure contributed or exerted by an individual gas in a mixture of gases. Partial pressure for exchange is represented as pO2 and for CO2 it is pCO2 . The diffusion … Read more
Introduction:- Urine formation is a charismatic and complicated process that exemplifies the body’s remarkable ability to maintain internal balance and homeostasis This vital biological function begins in the kidneys, where an elaborate system of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion meticulously orchestrates the removal of waste products and excess substances from the bloodstream. It involves three main … Read more
Introduction Microbes as biofertilizers enhance soil fertility and plant growth by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, solubilizing phosphorus, and decomposing organic matter, promoting sustainable agriculture Microbes as Biofertilisers Requirement (1) The use of the chemical fertilizers to meet the ever-increasing demand of agricultural produce has contributed significantly to environmental pollution. So there is a need to switch … Read more
Introduction Respiratory system disorders encompass a range of conditions that affect breathing and oxygen exchange in the body. These disorders can arise from structural abnormalities, infections, chronic diseases, or environmental exposures. Common respiratory disorders include asthma, characterized by airway inflammation and constriction; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which progressively limits airflow; and pneumonia, an infection … Read more
Introduction Neural tissue exerts the greatest control over the body’s responsiveness to changing condition. Nervous tissue is specialized to transmit messages in our body. Brain, spinal cord and nerves are all composed of nervous tissue. Nervous tissue contains highly specialized cells called nerve cells or neurons. Neuroglia make up more than one-half the volume of … Read more
Introduction Microbes in Production of Biogas Biogas is a mixture of gases (containing predominantly methane) produced by microbial activity and which may be used as fuel. Major component of biogas is methane (50-70%) which is highly inflammable, other gases are carbon dioxide (30-40%) and mixture of other gases H2, H2 S etc. (10%). Calorific value … Read more
Genetic make-up of an organism or an individual lies in the DNA sequences. The differences in two individuals will naturally be reflected in the differences of their nucleotide sequences. Human Genome Project They can known only if the entire human genome is mapped. With the establishment of genetic-engineering techniques where it was possible to isolate … Read more