NEET CH-7 STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS:- ANIMAL TISSUES

STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS:- ANIMAL TISSUES

NEET PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS

1.Which of the following statements wrongly represents the nature of smooth muscle? [NEET 2021]

(1) These muscles are present in the wall of blood vessels.

(2) These muscles have no striations.

(3) They are involuntary muscles.

(4) Communication among the cells is performed by intercalated discs.

2. Cuboidal epithelium with brush border of microvilli is found in [NEET 2020]

(1) Ducts of salivary glands. (2) Proximal convoluted tubule of nephron

(3) Eustachian tube (4) Lining of intestine

3. Match the following cell structure with its characteristic feature:-

(a) Tight junctions – (i) Cement neighbouring cells together to form sheet

(b) Adhering junctions – (ii) Transmit information through chemical to another cells.

(c) Gap junctions (iii) Establish a barrier to prevent leakage of fluid across epithelial cells.

(d) Synaptic junctions (iv) Cytoplasmic channels to facilitate communication between adjacent cells.

Select correct option from the following:- [NEET 2019]

(1) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

(2) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)

(3) (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)

(4) (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii) [NEET 2019]

4. Identify the types of cell junctions that help to stop the leakage of the substances across a tissue and facilitation of communication with neighbouring cells via rapid transfer of ions and molecules. [NEET 2021]

(1) Adhering junctions and Gap junctions, respectively

(2) Gap junctions and Adhering junctions, respectively

(3) Tight junctions and Gap junctions, respectively

(4) Adhering junctions and Tight junctions, respectively.

5. Goblet cell of alimentary canal are modified from [NEET 2020]

(1) Columnar epithelial cells (2) Chondrocytes

(3) Compound epithelial cells (4) Squamous epithelial cells

6. Nissl bodies are mainly composed of [NEET 2018]

(1) Proteins and lipids (2) DNA and RNA

(3) Free ribosomes and RER (4) Nucleic acids and SER

7. Select the incorrectly matched pair from following:- [NEET 2020]

(1) Osteocytes – Bone cells

(2) Chondrocytes – Smooth muscle cells

(3) Neurons – Nerve cells

(4) Fibroblast – Areolar tissue

8. Smooth muscles are [NEET 2016]

(1) Involuntary, fusiform, non-striated

(2) Voluntary, multinucleate, cylindrical

(3) Involuntary, cylindrical, striated

(4) Voluntary, spindle-shaped, uninucleate

9. The ciliated epithelial cells are required to move particles or mucus in a specific direction. In human, these cells are mainly present in [NEET 2019]

Bile duct and Bronchioles (2) Fallopian tubes and Pancreatic duct

(3) Eustachian and salivary duct (4) Bronchioles and Fallopian tubes

10. Choose the correctly matched pair: [NEET 2014]

(1) Inner lining of salivary ducts- ciliated epithelium

(2) Moist surface of buccal cavity- Glandular epithelium

(3) Tubular parts of nephrons- Cuboidal epithelium

(4) Inner surface of bronchioles – Squamous epithelium

11. Which type of tissue correctly matches with location?

Tissue Location

(1) Cuboidal epithelium- Lining of stomach

(2) Smooth muscle- Wall of intestine

(3) Areolar tissue- Tendons

(4) Transitional epithelium- Tip of nose

12. The supportive skeletal structure in the human external ears in the nose tip are examples of:-

(1) Cartilage (2) Ligament

(3) Areolar tissue (4) Bone

13. The function of Gap junction is to

(1) Stop substance from leaking across a tissue.

(2) Performing cementing to keep neighboring cells together.

(3) Facilitate communication between adjoining cells by connecting the cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and some large molecules.

(4) Separate two cells from each other.

14. Choose the correctly matched pair:-

(1) Tendon-Specialized connective tissue

(2) Adipose tissue- Dense connective tissue

(3) Areolar tissue-loose connective tissue

(4) Cartilage-Loose connective tissue

15. The epithelial tissue present on the inner surface of bronchioles and Fallopian tubes is

(1) Glandular (2) Ciliated

(3) Squamous (4) Cuboidal

16. The kind of tissue that forms the supportive structure in our pinna (external ears) is also found in:-

(1) Nails (2) Ear ossicles

(3) Tip of the nose (4) Vertebrae.

17. The kind of epithelium which forms the inner walls of blood vessels is

(1) Squamous epithelium (2) Cuboidal epithelium

(3) Columnar epithelium (4)Ciliated columnar epithelium

18. The ciliated columnar epithelium cells in humans are known to occur in:-

(1) Fallopian tubes and urethra (2) Eustachian tube and stomach lining

(3) Bronchioles and Fallopian tubes (4) Bile duct and oseophagus

19. The cells lining the blood vessels belong to the category of:-

(1) Columnar epithelium (2) Connective tissue

(3) Smooth muscle tissue (4) Squamous epithelium

20. Mast cells secrete

(1) Hippurin (2) Myoglobin

(3) Histamine (4) Haemoglobin

21. Four healthy people in their twenties got involved in injuries resulting in damage and death of a few cells of the following. Which of the cells are least likely ti be replaced by new cells?

(1) Osteocytes (2) Malpighian layer of the skin

(3) Liver cells (4) Neurons

22. Epithelial cells of the intestine involved in food absorption have on their surface

(1) Pinocytic vesicles (2) Phagocytic vesicles

(3) Zymogen granules (4) Micro-villi

23. Which of the following human organs is often called the “Graveyard” of RBCs?

(1) Gall bladder (2) Kidney

(3) Spleen Liver

24. An epithelial tissue which has thin flat cells, arranged edge to edge so as to appear like closely packed tiles, is found to be present at

(1) Outer surface of ovary (2) Inner lining of Fallopian tube

(3) Inner lining of stomach (4) Inner lining of cheeks

25. Basement membrane is made up of

(1) Cell product of epithelial cell (2) Epidermal cell only

(3) Endodermal cell (4) Both (2) and (3)

26. The desmosomes are concerned with

(1) Cell division (2) Cell adherence

(3) Cytolysis (4) Cellular excretion

27. Phagocytosis and pinocytosis are collectively termed as:-

(1) Endocytosis (2) Suspension feeding

(3) Omnivores (4) Mucous trap

28. The Nissl’s grannules of neres cell are made up of

(1) DNA (2) RNA (3) Ribosome (4) Protein

29. Stratum germinativum is an example of which kind of epithelium?

 

(1) Columnar (2) Squamous (3) Cuboidal (4) Ciliated

30. Protein present in cartilage is

(1) Cartilagin (2) Ossein (3) Chondrin (4) Oesein

31. Which of the following be described as Nissl’s granules in a nerve cell are now identified as?

(1) Cell metebolites (2) Fat granules (3) Ribosomes (4) Mitochondria

32. Characteristic of simple epithelium is

(1) They are arranged indiscriminately (2) They make a definite layer

(3) Continue to divide and help in organ function (4) None of these

33. Tendon is made up of

(1) yellow fibrous connective tissue (2) Modified white fibrous tissue

(3) Areolar tissue (4) Adipose tissue

34. What happens if bone of frog is kept in dilute hydrochloric acid?

(1) Will becomes flexible (2) Will turn black
(3) Will break into pieces (4) Will shrink

35. Which of the following statement is correct for node of Ranvier nerve?

(1) Neurilemma is discontinuous (2) Myelin sheath is discontinuous

(3) Both neurilemma and mylein sheath are discontinuous (4) Covered by myelin sheath.

36. Which one of the following contains the largest quality of extracellular material?

(1) Striated muscle (2) Areolar tissue

(3) Stratified epithelium (4) Myelinated nerve fibres

37. Ligament is a

(1) Inelastic white fibrous tissue (2) Modified white fibrous

(30 Modified yellow elastic fibrous tissue (40 None of these.

38. Mast cell of connective tissue contain

(1) Vasopressin and relaxin (2) Heparin and histamine

(3) Heparin and calcitonin (4) Serotonin and melanin

39. In which one of the following preparations are you likely to come across cell junctions most frequently?

(1) Thrombocytes (2) tendon (3) Hyaline cartilage (4) Ciliated epithelium

40. Which of the following is not considered a connective tissue?

(1) Muscle (2) Blood (3) Adipose (4) Cartilage

ANSWER

1. (4) 2. (2) 3. (4) 4. (3) 5. (1) 6. (3) 7. (2) 8. (1) 9. (4) 10. (3)

11. (2) 12. (1) 13. (3) 14. (3) 15. (2) 16. (3) 17. (1) 18. (3) 19. (4) 20. (3)

21. (4) 22. (4) 23. (3) 24. (4) 25. (1) 26. (2) 27. (1) 28. (3) 29. (1) 30. (3)

31. (3) 32. (2) 33. (2) 34. (1) 35. (2) 36. (2) 37. (3) 38. (2) 39. (4) 40. (1)—–

ANIMAL TISSUE FACTS-

1. Muscle Tissue: Muscle tissue is responsible for movement and locomotion in animals. It comes in three main types: skeletal muscle (voluntary movement), smooth muscle (involuntary movement, such as in the digestive system), and cardiac muscle (found in the heart).

2. Nervous Tissue: Nervous tissue forms the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, allowing animals to perceive and respond to their environment. It consists of specialized cells called neurons that transmit electrical impulses and support cells called glial cells.

3. Epithelial Tissue: Epithelial tissue covers the surfaces of organs, lines body cavities, and forms glands. It acts as a protective barrier against pathogens, regulates the exchange of materials, and facilitates sensory perception. Examples include the skin and the lining of the digestive tract.

4. Connective Tissue: Connective tissue supports, protects, and connects various structures in the body. It includes bone tissue (providing structural support), blood (transporting nutrients and oxygen), cartilage (providing flexibility), and adipose tissue (storing energy).

5. Adipose Tissue Adaptations: Adipose tissue, commonly known as fat, not only serves as an energy store but also plays a crucial role in insulation, cushioning organs, and regulating body temperature. In marine mammals like whales, blubber, a specialized type of adipose tissue, provides buoyancy and insulation in cold water.

6. Specialized Sensory Tissues: Some animals possess highly specialized sensory tissues, such as electroreceptors in sharks (detecting electric fields), lateral line systems in fish (sensing water movement), and mechanoreceptors in mammalian skin (sensing touch, pressure, and vibration).

7. Regenerative Abilities: Some animals have remarkable regenerative abilities, allowing them to replace lost or damaged tissue. For example, certain species of salamanders can regenerate lost limbs, while planarian worms can regenerate entire bodies from small tissue fragments.

1. Cell Types: Animal tissues are composed of various cell types, each with specific functions. For example, epithelial tissues consist of closely packed cells that form protective barriers or linings, while muscle tissues contain cells that can contract and generate force for movement.

2. Extracellular Matrix: In addition to cells, animal tissues also contain an extracellular matrix (ECM), which is a complex mixture of proteins, carbohydrates, and other molecules. The ECM provides structural support, facilitates cell communication, and regulates tissue function.

3. Specialized Structures: Animal tissues often contain specialized structures that enhance their function. For instance, nervous tissue contains neurons that transmit electrical signals, while connective tissue contains fibers and ground substance that provide strength and flexibility.

4. Regeneration: Some animal tissues have the remarkable ability to regenerate after injury. For example, liver tissue can regenerate to restore lost function, and certain types of skin cells can proliferate and repair wounds.

5. Disease and Dysfunction: Dysfunction of animal tissues can lead to various diseases and disorders. For example, cancer can arise from uncontrolled cell growth and division in epithelial tissues, while muscular dystrophy results from defects in muscle tissue.