When an electric current flows through a conductor, it produces a magnetic field around it. This fundamental idea, confirmed by Oersted’s experiment, forms the foundation of electromagnetism. conductor One of the simplest systems for studying this phenomenon is a long straight current-carrying wire. Understanding the magnetic field around such a conductor is vital for analysing … Read more
Electricity and magnetism are two fundamental branches of physics that explain how charges and currents interact with the physical world. Two important laws—Coulomb’s Law and Biot-Savart Law play a central role in understanding electric and magnetic fields, respectively. Magnetic fields While Coulomb’s Law deals with forces and fields produced by stationary electric charges where the … Read more
Electricity and magnetism were thought to be entirely distinct phenomena prior to the 19th century. Charges and currents were used to study electricity, whereas magnets and magnetic fields were used to explain magnetism. Magnetic fields But in 1820, Danish physicist and chemist Hans Christian Oersted produced a groundbreaking discovery that fundamentally altered this idea. His … Read more
Resistors are among the most often used parts in electrical and electronic circuits. When putting together a circuit, it’s critical to correctly identify the different resistance values of these resistors. Manufacturers employ colour codes to identify their resistance levels because it is impractical to print them on a small resistor. The Colour Code for Carbon … Read more
When electrons flow through any conductor determines its electric current. The resistivity of the substance determines this quality. A basic electrical property called resistivity calculates how strongly a substance resists the flow of electricity. Materials are generally categorised as conductors, semiconductors and insulators based on the degree of their resistivity. The electrical behaviour of materials, … Read more
One of the most basic ideas in the study of electricity and current flow is resistance. A conductor‘s free electrons clash with the lattice structure’s fixed positive ions when an electric current flows through it. Resistance is the opposing force created by these collisions, which prevent electrons from moving freely. Electrons Mathematically, resistance R is … Read more
Electricity plays a vital role in our daily lives, powering devices, industries, and communication systems. At the heart of electrical science lies Ohm’s Law, a fundamental principle that relates the current flowing in a conductor to the potential difference across it. The concept of “resistance” arises directly from this law. Statement of Ohm’s Law Ohm’s … Read more
Electromotive Force, commonly abbreviated as “EMF”, is one of the most fundamental concepts in the study of electricity and magnetism. Despite its name, EMF is not a force but quite a measure of the energy provided by a source such as a cell, battery or generator to move electric charges in a circuit. It represents … Read more
A steady or Direct Current (DC) refers to a continuous and unchanging flow of electric charge through a conductor. Unlike alternating current (AC), where the magnitude and direction of current vary with time, a steady or direct current (DC) remains constant in magnitude and flows in the same direction. The maintenance of such a current … Read more
Electricity is an essential phenomenon in physics that plays a vital role in science and technology. Among its fundamental concepts, electric current holds a special place. It not only explains how charges move in a conductor but also provides the foundation for electrical circuits, machines, and modern electronic devices. Electrical circuits Definition of Electric Current … Read more